Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) could deliver a major efficiency boost to the photocatalytic production of clean hydrogen. Chemical engineers have drafted a comprehensive overview of the state of their field and a plan for where it needs to focus.
, whether as an energy storage mechanism, an input for clean fuels or as a clean fuel directly, or for decarbonized steel and ammonia production. But the hydrogen itself must be cleanly produced, from the splitting of water into its component parts.
First, the energy from sunlight activates the photocatalyst—a material that jumpstarts and speeds up the water splitting reaction. Next, imagine a Lego-like structure, but where the Lego bricks are instead made of—a large group of metallic atoms—and the connectors between them are organic molecules.
Research into the role of MOFs for photocatalytic water splitting has exploded in recent years, and so the authors felt it was time to produce a scientific review paper on the topic. Scientific review papers are like"best-of" music albums for science, gathering all the hit discoveries and insights on a topic into one comprehensive overview.
"MOFs also have a large surface area due to their porous nature," said Huan Pang, one of the review paper's authors and a chemical engineer in the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University."Think of all that internal surface area encapsulating the pores." "And one of the biggest advantages of MOFs is their sheer versatility," added Yang An, a co-author of the paper at the Institute for Innovative Materials and Energy at Yangzhou University."Chemical engineers can customize the MOF structures by selecting different metals and organic linkers, allowing for the design of MOFs specifically tailored for efficient photocatalytic water splitting.
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