Secrets of Stellar Matter Under Extreme Pressure in the Laboratory Revealed for the First Time — A research team, including |
Scientists have conducted laboratory experiments at the National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory that generated the extreme compressions necessary for pressure-driven ionization. Their research provides new insights for atomic physics at gigabar pressures, which benefits astrophysics and nuclear fusion research.
, to generate the extreme conditions necessary for pressure-driven ionization. By employing 184 laser beams, the team heated the inside of a cavity, converting the laser energy into X-rays that heated a 2 mm diameter beryllium shell placed in the center.
Matter in the interior of giant planets and some relatively cool stars is highly compressed by the weight of the layers above. At such high pressures, generated by high compression, the proximity of atomic nuclei leads to interactions between electronic bound states of neighboring ions and ultimately to their complete ionization. While ionization in burning stars is primarily determined by temperature, pressure-driven ionization dominates in cooler objects.
Despite its importance for the structure and evolution of celestial objects, pressure ionization as a pathway to highly ionized matter is not well understood theoretically. Moreover, the extreme states of matter required are very difficult to create and study in the laboratory, saidphysicist and alumnus of the University of Rostock Tilo Döppner, who led the project. “Our work opens new avenues for studying and modeling the behavior of matter under extreme compression.
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