Researchers developed genetically engineered strains of one type of bacteria that they say could help to tackle the growing problem of plastic pollution.
Despite notable advancements, the monoculture strategy encounters several challenges, including inefficiencies and incompleteness when it comes to the degradation of plastic and difficulties in optimizing the synthesis of new products.The"major innovation" of the latest work lies in using multiple strains, rather than one, in the upcycling process, each of which plays different roles, the researchers said.
First, the PET is broken down by the microbes into two compounds known as terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol . Then, the engineered microbes transform TPA and EGA into the products of interest. Each of the strains specializes in processing one of the two compounds. Among the compounds that the bacteria produced was PHA, which is a biodegradable, eco-friendly alternative to petroleum-based plastics. The process also produced a substance known as muconate, which is a versatile"building block" chemical with numerous applications in agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and resins.
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