Many people are aware of the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica, but what is less widely known is that the protective ozone in the stratosphere over the Arctic is periodically destroyed as well, thinning the ozone layer there. This last happened in the spring of 2020, and before that, in the sp
To uncover a possible causal relationship, the scientists ran simulations that integrated ozone depletion into two different climate models. Most climate models consider only physical factors, not fluctuations in stratospheric ozone levels, in part because this would require much more computing power.
“What surprised us most from a scientific point of view is that, even though the models we were using for the simulation are utterly different, they produced similar results,” says co-author Gabriel Chiodo, SNSF Ambizione Fellow at the Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science. Normally, ozone absorbs UV radiation emitted by the sun, thereby warming the stratosphere and helping to break down the polar vortex in spring. But if there is less ozone, the stratosphere cools and the vortex becomes stronger. “A strong polar vortex then produces the effects observed at the Earth’s surface,” Chiodo says. Ozone thus plays a major role in temperature and circulation changes around the North Pole.
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