Comprehensive profiling of human-to-human oral and intestinal microbial transmission natureportfolio UniTrento MicrobialTransmission Microbe Transmission Profiling
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaJan 20 2023Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in Nature, researchers identified widespread bacterial strain sharing among humans with distinctive patterns of transmission, including vertical transmission, transmission within households, and the population.
In total, 9,715 microbial specimens from 31 datasets were analyzed to assess microbial transmission between mothers and offspring, household contacts, twins, populations , and villages. The team also assessed publicly available fecal datasets with samples from ≥15 individuals, with ≥2.0 samples obtained >6.0 months apart. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from the fecal samples, following which sequence libraries were prepared.
The rate of strain sharing was evaluated based on profiling for every specimen, the predominant SGB strain with ≥10.0% prevalence among ≥20 specimens of ≥1.0 cohort, for 252 SGBs and 646 SGBs from oral and intestinal metagenomes, respectively, with 24 SGBs from the oral and intestinal environments. Strains highly similar to MAGs or isolate genomes of microbes obtained from commercial foods were discarded. Bacterial phenotypes were inferred based on their genetic sequences.
Distinctive taxa seemed to be efficient spreaders across the various modes of transmission and were linked to different bacterial phenotypes associated with the capabilities of beyond-host survival. The uSGBs, comprising 37.0% of SGBs, showed a high prevalence . The prevalence was particularly greater for intestinal microbial genomes obtained from the non-westernized nations .
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