Cancer cells migrate through the body for multiple reasons; some are simply following the flow of a fluid, while others are actively following specific chemical trails. So how do you determine which cells are moving and why? Purdue University researchers have reverse-engineered a cellular signal pro
cessing system and used it like a logic gate – a simple computer – to better understand what causes specific cells to migrate.
The team adopted a ternary logic gate model to analyze these cues, and predict how cells would move under different environments. Their research has been published inTheir experiments took place in a microfluidic platform with a center chamber for the cells, and two side platforms. Using this device, they could replicate fluidic flows in one direction, in the opposite direction, or no flow at all. They could also introduce a chemical known to cause the cells to migrate.
Moon assigned values to which direction the cells moved under the two different stimuli. “If the cells moved in the direction of the flow, that’s 1,” said Moon. “If they have no directionality, that’s 0. If they move in the opposite direction to the flow, that’s -1.” Of course, the real world is never that simple. “In actuality, the chemical stimulus is a gradient, not an on-off switch,” said Moon. “The cells will only move once a certain threshold of flow has been introduced; and if you introduce too much, the cell short-circuits and doesn’t move at all. TheMoon also stressed that this particular experiment is very simple: two stimuli, in strictly opposite directions, in a single dimension.
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