Arginine is an amino acid naturally produced by our bodies and plentiful in the fish, meat, and nuts that we eat. However, as recent research in the journal Science Advances reveals, arginine is an essential nutrient for cancer cells too. And starving them of it could potentially render tumors more
Arginine is an amino acid that is found in many foods including meat, poultry, fish, dairy, nuts, and beans. Arginine has a number of important functions in the body, but recent research shows that it is an essential nutrient for cancer cells too.naturally produced by our bodies and plentiful in the fish, meat, and nuts that we eat. However, as recent research in the journalreveals, arginine is an essential nutrient for cancer cells too.
“It’s like if you had a LEGO set, and you’re trying to build a fancy model plane, and you run out of the right bricks,” says first author Dennis Hsu, a former member of Tavazoie’s lab and now a physician-scientist at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center in Pittsburgh. “The only way to still build the plane would be if you had altered blueprints that don’t require the missing bricks.
The researchers uncovered the arginine-cancer connection as part of a larger study on codons, triplets ofbases that each contain the recipe for producing a single amino acid. In combing through the Cancer Genome Atlas, Hsu documented thousands of instances of codon mutations, but one stood out amongst all cancers: arginine codons, which were lost during mutations far more than they should’ve been. Stomach and colorectal cancers showed the most dramatic deficiency.
Linking a specific nutrient to a specific DNA change through this sort of so-called directed evolution “had not been reported before to our knowledge,” Tavazoie says.Interestingly, this ability to coax codons into doing their bidding could potentially lead to the cancer cells’ undoing. That’s because in the process of trying to keep themselves alive while malnourished, the cells accumulate so many mutations that they may begin to look very strange to the immune system.
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