An international research team has achieved a groundbreaking milestone in atomic clock technology, enabling time measurement with an astonishing accuracy of one second in 300 billion years.
Atomic clocks serve a multitude of applications, including precise satellite navigation., the project leader at Argonne National Laboratory, highlights the long-standing scientific potential of the scandium resonance, which has been recognized for over three decades. However, until now, the challenge was finding an X-ray source that could illuminate scandium's narrow resonance line brightly enough.
The implications of this breakthrough extend beyond timekeeping. It promises ultrahigh-precision spectroscopy, fundamental physical effect measurements, and the probing of gravitational time dilation on sub-millimeter scales, opening new frontiers in our understanding of the universe. This remarkable achievement was made possible through collaboration between researchers from institutions across the globe, highlighting the power of international cooperation in advancing scientific knowledge. As we stand on the precipice of a new era of timekeeping, the future holds exciting possibilities for atomic clocks, with potential applications extending far beyond measuring time.
The most common atomic clock, based on cesium, achieves remarkable accuracy, with an error of just one second in 300 million years. Using transitions in the atomic shell, Strontium atomic clocks improve upon this with an accuracy of one second in 15 billion years. However, pushing the boundaries of accuracy within the atomic shell has limits.
This limitation has prompted scientists worldwide to explore the concept of a "nuclear" clock, utilizing transitions in the atomic nucleus for even greater precision. Nuclei offer sharper resonances than electrons in the atomic shell, but they are significantly harder to excite.
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