The immune systems of some people who haven't been exposed to Covid-19 could have familiarity with the pathogen -- possibly helping to reduce the severity of illness if they do get it, a new study suggests
The study, published in the journal Nature on Wednesday, found that among a sample of 68 healthy adults in Germany who had not been exposed to the coronavirus, 35% had T cells in their blood that were reactive to the virus. Covid-19: What we now know about the disease caused by the novel coronavirusT cells are part of the immune system and help protect the body from infection.
So how could their immune system have reactive T cells if they never had Covid-19? They were"probably acquired in previous infections with endemic" coronaviruses, the researchers -- from various institutions in Germany and the United Kingdom -- wrote in the new study. Using this T cell memory from another-yet-similar infection to respond to a new infection is called"cross-reactivity."'The big question is ...
What it's like to recover from Covid-19 03:00"We know, for example, children and younger adults are relatively spared from the severe consequences of this disease, and I think that one hypothesis might be that the pre-existing T cells that exist may be much more numerous or more active in younger age cohorts than in older age cohorts," Adalja said.
How antibodies protect us from viruses 01:37So far during the coronavirus pandemic, much focus has been on Covid-19 antibodies and the role they play in building immunity against the disease. But infectious disease expert Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of preventive medicine and infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Nashville who was not involved in the new study, said that T cells can not be overlooked.
Alessandro Sette and Shane Crotty, both of the University of California, San Diego, wrote in a comment paper published in the journal Nature earlier this month, that"20--50% of unexposed donors display significant reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigen peptide pools," based on separate research -- but they noted that the source and clinical relevance of the reactivity remains unknown.
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