Technology that allows us to harness nuclear power in smaller, quicker, cheaper forms could still help speed us along to our clean-energy goals ⬇️ StuartJRitchie explains
The real dream would be to design so called “burner” reactors, which can take spent nuclear fuel from other power plants and use it up to generate even more power; or “breeder” reactors, which turn uranium fuel into a type of plutonium, which can itself be used in power generation. Developing systems like this is particularly important given thatNuclear energy is among the very
– but because of some highly-publicised accidents in the past , it has a bad reputation. Can we be sure that thesekinds of nuclear reactors which, being new, have zero track record to look back on – are safe too?, for example, that the multiple, modular reactors all being at one site could boost the chances of a serious incident, as happened at Fukushima, where nuclear safety teams had to be dispersed to multiple melting-down cores, and thus had fewer hands to slow the radiation being released.
So the designers of SMRs, in addition to trying to make the reactor itself work well and safely, have to consider these kinds of, too. To address this, some of the reactors are designed to be built underground, or to have completely sealed reactor cores that never need refueling. The kinds of reactors mentioned above that burn spent fuel are ideal in that any end product wouldn’t be useful for the creation of weapons.
The UK government’s new SMR competition will have to take all these safety and security concerns into account, while at the same time rigorously judging the cost-efficiency of the SMRs and the extent to which they can get us towards our net-zero targets. To what extent could they make up the slack when our current
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