Paper gets flimsy when wet due to its chemical structure, primarily its hydrogen bonds.
If you've ever spilled a drink over the paperwork on your desk or accidentally placed your dinner napkin on a damp surface, you know how frustratingly flimsy paper gets when it's wet. Even the smallest drop of water seems to weaken that pristine sheet forever.
"When you tear a piece of dry paper, basically you just need to overcome all the intermolecular forces, the friction, and the fiber entanglements," Marko Kolari, a research and development fellow at Kemira, a pulp and paper chemicals company in Finland, told Live Science."If you make paper wet, the fiber matrix swells; the fibers begin to detach; and it starts to lose strength, so it's easier to tear.
But not all paper is created equal. Think about all of the paper products you use daily — toilet paper, paper towels, newspapers, printer paper, cardboard, and more."The cellulose fiber is almost identical in all these products, and yet they are so different and diverse in their properties," Kolari said. The way these different grades respond to water comes down to the extra additives included during the papermaking process, he added.
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