A special package of stories in this week's issue of Science attempts to portray the number of Black physicists in U.S. physics and identify institutions and programs that offer models for change. TheMissingPhysicists
This story is part of a special package being published this week about the barriers Black physicists face and potential models for change.In the 1990s, physics departments at U.S. universities faced an existential crisis. The number of undergraduate physics majors had plummeted by 25% over 10 years, prompting fears that many departments might disappear or be merged into other programs.
Black students, however, were left behind. In 2017, the American Institute of Physics assembled a National Task Force to Elevate African American Representation in Undergraduate Physics & Astronomy , the discipline’s first deep dive into the lack of diversity at the undergraduate level. The task force’s 2020 report documented the crisis in dispiriting detail.The number of U.S. undergraduate degrees in physics had tripled by 2020 compared with 1999.
Data from the U.S. Department of Education show the percentage of undergraduate degrees awarded to Black students dropped from 4.8% in 1999 to 3.1% in 2020. Had the number of Black undergraduates earning physics degrees simply kept pace with the overall growth in the major, the current annual total would exceed 350. Instead, it was 262 in 2020.
As bad as those numbers are, they hide how rare Black students are on most U.S. campuses. Some 30% of the 853 U.S. departments awarding physics degrees did not graduate a single Black student between 1999 and 2020, and an additional 30% graduated just one or two . In contrast, historically Black colleges and universities lead the nation in graduating Black physics majors despite their relatively small size and limited resources.Some one-third of all U.S.
The demographics at the graduate level are even more depressing. Black students made up less than 1% of Ph.D. recipients in physics in 2019 (
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