Nameless. Silent. Courageous. Her story had all the makings of a fascinating historical yarn. But today scholars believe that nearly everything they thought about the enigmatic figure was wrong—and that the Lone Woman was anything but alone
Island of the Blue Dolphins won the prestigious Newbery Medal in 1961.
Archaeological and genetic evidence shows two waves of Nicoleño on San Nicolas Island, which was occupied for roughly 8,000 years. Their culture seems to have been closely linked to the ocean—a testament to the lack of land animals. Remnants include everything from bone arrowheads to a cave marked with images of whales. The tribe appears to have coexisted peaceably with a variety of visitors—hunters from Mexico, Russia, Alaska, and elsewhere—from the 17th century on.
Despite previous scholarship and abundant secondary sources, says Morris, it was clear 19th-century chroniclers had bypassed a variety of sources—the hunters who visited San Nicolas, the Native people who interacted with the Lone Woman during the last months of her lifetime, the missionaries who baptized her, the island’s archaeological record, the Nicoleño themselves.
That story, it turns out, was wildly misinterpreted by the white men who took the Lone Woman to Santa Barbara. When found, she used gestures to tell her tale—emphatic hand movements that, they thought, showed she had stayed on the island because of a lost infant who was later eaten by wild dogs.
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