Walnuts have been associated with better cognitive development and psychological maturation in teens, new research shows.
Adolescence is"a period of refinement of brain connectivity and complex behaviors," the investigators note.
ALA independently"has positive effects on brain function and plasticity," the authors write. In addition, walnut constituents — particularly polyphenols and other bioactive compounds —"may act synergistically with ALA to foster brain health." At baseline and after 6 months, they completed neuropsychological tests and behavioral rating scales. The Attention Network Test assessed attention and the N-back test was used to assess working memory. The Tests of Primary Mental Abilities assessed fluid intelligence. Risky decision-making was tested using the Roulettes Task.Participants also completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, which provided a total score of problem behavior.
Parents reported their child’s daily walnut consumption, with adherence defined as 100 or more days of eating walnuts during the 6-month period.The researchers also conducted a secondary per-protocol analysis, comparing the intervention and control groups to estimate the effect if all participants had adhered to their assigned intervention. They censored data for participants who reported eating walnuts for less than 100 days during the 6-month trial period.
However, there were differences in primary outcomes between the groups in the per-protocol analysis: the adherence-adjusted effect on improvement in attention score was −11.26 ms; 95% CI, −19.92 to −2.60;The per-protocol analysis showed other differences: an improvement in fluid intelligence score and a reduction in ADHD symptom score .
"Neurons that are well nourished with these types of fatty acids will be able to grow and form new, stronger synapses," he said., Uma Naidoo, MD, director of nutritional and lifestyle psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,"commends" the researchers for conducting an RCT with a"robust" sample size and said she is"excited to see research like this furthering functional nutrition for mental health," as she believes that"food is medicine.
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