Uncle Sam OKs vaccine that protects honeybees against hive-destroying bacterium
Yay, we got a B for maths. Literally, a bee: Little nosy nectar nerds smart enough to add, abstract numbers
The vaccine is mixed into queen feed, which is consumed by worker bees who then spread it into the royal jelly, which is fed to the queen bee. With the vaccine now deposited in her ovaries, the developing larvae have immunity as they hatch.
The plan is to sell the vaccine to commercial beekeeping operations, on which the US in particular is unusually dependent to help support its crop pollination. Hives are regularly transported across the country as part of farming processes for the kind of fruit, berries and nuts that you find in supermarkets. Ironically, this exposes the bees to stress and diseases.
"We are committed to providing innovative solutions to protect our pollinators and promote sustainable agriculture," said Dr Annette Kleiser, CEO of Dalan Animal Health."Global population growth and changing climates will increase the importance of honeybee pollination to secure our food supply. Our vaccine is a breakthrough in protecting honeybees. We are ready to change how we care for insects, impacting food production on a global scale.
Manufactured by Iowa-based Diamond Animal Health, a wholly owned subsidiary of Heska, the vaccine is expected to be available from 2023, with the USDA conditional license granted in the first instance for two years.
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Comparison of the Journey II bicruciate stabilised (JII-BCS) and GENESIS II total knee arthroplasty for functional ability and motor impairment: the CAPAbility, blinded, randomised controlled trialObjectives To determine if a newer design of total knee replacement (TKR) (Journey II BCS) produces superior patient-reported outcomes scores and biomechanical outcomes than the older, more established design (Genesis II). Setting Patients were recruited from an NHS University Hospital between July 2018 and October 2019 with surgery at two sites. Biomechanical and functional capacity measurements were at a University Movement and Exercise Laboratory. Participants 80 participants undergoing single-stage TKR. Interventions Patients were randomised to receive either the Journey II BCS (JII-BCS) or Genesis II TKR. Primary and secondary outcome measures Primary outcome was the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were: OKS Activity and Participation Questionnaire, EQ-5D-5L and UCLA Activity scores, Timed Up and Go Test, 6 min walk test, lower limb kinematics and lower limb muscle activity during walking and balance. Results This study found no difference in the OKS between groups. The OKS scores for the JII-BCS and Genesis II groups were mean (SD) 42.97 (5.21) and 43.13 (5.20) respectively, adjusted effect size 0.35 (-2.01,2.71) p=0.771 In secondary outcome measures, the Genesis II group demonstrated a significantly greater walking range-of-movement (50.62 (7.33) vs 46.07 (7.71) degrees, adjusted effect size, 3.14 (0.61,5.68) p=0.02) and higher peak knee flexion angular velocity during walking (mean (SD) 307.69 (38.96) vs 330.38 (41.40) degrees/second, adjusted effect size was 21.75 (4.54,38.96), p=0.01) and better postural control (smaller resultant centre of path length) during quiet standing than the JII-BCS group (mean (SD) 158.14 (65.40) vs 235.48 (176.94) mm, adjusted effect size, 59.91 (–105.98, –13.85) p=0.01.). Conclusions In this study population, the findings do not support the hypothesis that the Journey II BCS produces a better outcome than the Genesis II for the primary outcome of the OKS at 6 months after surgery. Trial registration num
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