An ancient fossil from one of our planet's earliest vertebrate organisms was found concealing an exciting surprise.
Inside a 380 million-year-old fossilized armored fish, paleontologists identified a mineralized heart, one that was exceptionally well-preserved in three dimensions.
The ancient fish's heart was an S-shaped organ made up of two chambers, with the smaller chamber sitting on top of the larger one.
With help from scientists at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in France, the team used neutron beams and synchrotron X-ray imaging to map the different mineral densities inside the fossil. These densities revealed not just thebones of the arthrodire, but other less robust features – a spectacular heart, as well as a stomach, intestine and liver.
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