It has become the bedrock of virtuous eating. Experts answer common questions about how it leads to better health.
In the 1950s, researchers from across the globe embarked on a sweeping and ambitious study. For decades, they scrutinised the diets and lifestyles of thousands of middle-aged men living in the United States, Europe and Japan and then examined how those characteristics affected their risks of developing cardiovascular disease.
“It’s one of a small number of diets that has research to back it up,” said Dr Sean Heffron, a preventive cardiologist at NYU Langone Health. “It isn’t a diet that was cooked up in the mind of some person to generate money. It’s something that was developed over time, by millions of people, because it actually tastes good. And it just happens to be healthy.”WHAT EXACTLY IS THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET?
Breakfast might be smashed avocado on whole-grain toast with a side of fresh fruit and a low-fat Greek yogurt, Dr Heffron said. For lunch or dinner, a vegetable and grain dish cooked with olive oil and seasoned with herbs – roasted root vegetables, leafy greens, a side of hummus and small portions of pasta or whole grain bread, with a lean protein like grilled fish.
The diet may also have profound health benefits during pregnancy, said Dr Anum Sohail Minhas, an assistant professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins Medicine. In a recent study of nearly 7,800 women published in December, researchers found that those who followed the Mediterranean diet most closely around the time they conceived and during early pregnancy had about a 21 per cent reduced risk of any pregnancy complications, such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes or preterm birth.
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