Air pollution can throw off your chess game, a new study finds.
For the new study, researchers tracked 121 players at three eight-week chess tournaments in Germany from 2017 to 2019, recording more than 30,000 moves. Artificial intelligence helped them judge each move, identify optimal decisions, and flag errors.
Indoor PM 2.5 levels during the tournaments ranged from 14 to 70 micrograms per cubic meter of air, the study found, comparable to the air in many urban areas. The researchers also accounted for the quality of players' opponents, using standardized chess ratings to assess whether dips in performance could just point to tougher competition., a statistical method for estimating causal relationships to help rule out other explanations.says
The combination of air pollution and time pressure made things even worse, the study found. When players were forced to race the clock at a critical part of the match, the extra load of particulates raised the likelihood of an error even further by 3.2 percentage points, and the magnitude of errors by 20.2 percent.
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