The James Webb Space Telescope’s infrared gaze sheds new light on the Orion nebula, an icon of the night sky
Ah, the familiar chill in the air as autumn arrives, a reminder of turning leaves, the coming winter and—of course!—the return of the constellation Orion to the night sky, along with the constellation’s myriad astronomical wonders.
Dominating the center of the JWST image above are the four stars of the Trapezium, the brightest stars in this cosmically young cluster. The brightest of these four, Theta1 Orionis C, is hundreds of thousands of times more energetic than the sun. Theta1 Orionis C shines so fiercely that it alone is responsible for most of the nebula’s glow. The image shows streamers and wisps of gas strewn across the Orion nebula and energized by the star’s radiance.
The real reason JWST turned its gaze to the Orion nebula wasn’t to take some pretty pictures, though. In the telescope’s view, there’s something more subtle but no less staggering lurking, too, which can best be introduced via a slight sky-watching digression. JWST, however, can spot such objects easily in the Orion nebula. Even better, planetary-mass objects are hot when they’re born, cooling slowly over millions of years. That means any in the Orion Nebula will glow in infrared wavelengths, revealing to JWST not only their presence but also important details such as their temperature and mass.
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