The research scrutinizes the impact of low- and non-calorie sweeteners on gut microbiota, suggesting potential links to glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, with varying results across studies indicating a need for more comprehensive research.
By Tarun Sai LomteNov 5 2023Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. A recent study published in the journal Nutrition reviewed the available evidence on the effects of low- and non-calorie sweeteners on the gut microbiota.
Whether sweeteners lack any harmful effects is still debated. Some studies report links between the intake of alternative sweeteners and shifts in physiological parameters, such as insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, with the gut microbiota implicated in mediating these effects. Further, studies have demonstrated associations between low gut microbial richness and increases in IR, dyslipidemia, adiposity, and inflammation.
Two cross-sectional studies evaluated the associations between the consumption of artificially sweetened beverages and the microbiota composition; one study focused on the consumption of aspartame and acesulfame-K, while the other evaluated global artificial sweetener consumption. One trial found no effect of supplementing 800 mg of saccharin to 46 individuals for two weeks.
A Swedish study examined the consumption of ASB or naturally sweetened beverages among 1,085 healthy adults and found no associations between ASB consumption and microbiota changes. Further, a Canadian study analyzing ASB consumption among infants and their mothers found that maternal ASB intake was associated with the depletion of Bacteroides spp in infants. In one study, sucralose and saccharin supplementation impaired participants’ glycemic response.
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