Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or aHSCT for short, is usually used to treat blood cancers, and involves harvesting stem cells from the person's own bone marrow or blood followed by chemotherapy and antibody treatment.
Emerging evidence indicates that it is suitable for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis —characterized by distinct inflammatory episodes that cause varying degrees of residual disability. But aHSCT has yet to be included in most national clinical guidelines.
They identified 231 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, 174 of whom had been treated with aHSCT before 2020: 2004 was when the first of these patients had been treated with aHSCT. Their average age when treated was 31, and nearly two thirds were women. On average, patients had had their disease for more than three years and had received an average of two lots of standard treatment before aHSCT; 23 had not had any treatment.
This study showed no evidence of disease activity in nearly 3 out of 4 of those treated after five years and in almost two thirds after 10 years.
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