The new findings could explain why astronauts are more susceptible to infectious diseases while in space.
“Here we show that the expression of many genes related to immune functions rapidly decreases when astronauts reach space, while the opposite happens when they return to Earth after six months aboard the ISS,” said Dr Odette Laneuville, an associate professor at the Department of Biology of the University of Ottawa, leading author of a new study inThe researchers studied gene expression in leukocytes in a cohort of 14 astronauts, including three women and 11 men, who resided on board the ISS...
These results suggest that when someone travels to space, these changes in gene expression cause a rapid decrease in the strength of their immune system.“A weaker immunity increases the risk of infectious diseases, limiting astronauts’ ability to perform their demanding missions in space.
The authors hypothesized that the change in gene expression of leukocytes under microgravity is triggered by ‘fluid shift’, where blood plasma is redistributed from the lower to the upper part of the body, including the . This causes a reduction in plasma volume by between 10% and 15% within the first few days in space. Fluid shift is known to be accompanied by large-scale physiological adaptations, apparently including altered gene expression.“The next question is how to apply our findings to guide the design of countermeasures that will prevent immune suppression while in space in particular for long duration flight,” said Laneuville.
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