One of the challenges in treating cancer is stopping it from metastasizing, and a new study reveals one of the fundamental mechanisms through which this happens.
This appears to happen because the protein migrates when under stress. GRP78 is usually found in the"Seeing GRP78 in the nucleus controlling gene expression is a total surprise,""When it comes to the basic mechanisms of cancer cells, this is something novel that, to my knowledge, no one has observed before."
The discovery came about by analyzing how GRP78 regulates the gene EGFR, previously linked with cancer. Advanced 2D and 3D imaging techniques – including, where separate beams of light are used to increase resolutions, were used to confirm the migration of GRP78.Further methods, including , were then used to get a closer look at what the GRP78 protein was actually doing. It turns out that the key genes it was regulating were involved in cell migration and invasion.
Another important discovery made by the researchers was how GRP78 binds or interacts with another cellular protein,. It seems that GRP78 stops ID2 from doing its regular job, which is limiting the activity of genes involved in cell migration, including EGFR. While this might all seem very technical, once scientists understand how proteins like GRP78 operate regarding cancer metastasis, they can start thinking about ways to control them.
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