SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron transmission within educational settings in relation to community-based outbreaks and mitigation measures UNSW Delta Omicron COVID19 SARSCoV2 coronavirus covid
By Neha MathurJan 6 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to the Preprints with The Lancet* server, researchers assessed whether school closures during coronavirus disease 2019 outbreaks prevented viral transmission in Australia. In particular, they focused on schools and early childhood education and care settings in New South Wales .
Most children have mild or asymptomatic COVID-19; hence, they do not appear to be the drivers of SARS-CoV-2 transmission at the community level. Yet, there is a shortage of studies that have attempted to present empirical evidence supporting the non-closure of educational institutions. Study findings The observed SAR for 312 schools and 139 ECECs was 3.5% and 5.6%, respectively. The overall SAR during both study periods was four-fold higher than for the ancestral strain predominance era . Unvaccinated staff was at a higher risk of becoming a secondary case. It is also noteworthy that SARs were comparable for Delta and Omicron periods in the unvaccinated participants but higher relative to vaccinated close contacts, which were 1.3%, and 2.2%, respectively.
Since the Omicron VOC had a higher potential to escape vaccine-induced immunity, the rate of Omicron infections in children and school staff after coming in close contact with a case was higher though comparable between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Yet, vaccination, especially booster shots, protected infected children and staff against severe disease.
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