The research project was originally based on a new group of viruses that the study authors discovered in the water of the Gossenköllesee in Tyrol, Austria, in 2021.
During a comprehensive study of complex single-celled microbes, scientists from the University of Innsbruck's Department of Ecology made a groundbreaking discovery. They discovered the DNA of more than 30,000 viruses that were previously unknown, integrated into the microbes' genome.
The study revealed that some microbes contain a significant proportion of their DNA that is made up of hidden viruses, up to 10 percent. However, despite the high number of viruses found, they do not seem to cause harm to their hosts, and in fact, some may even protect them. Some of these are similar to virophages, which are viruses that infect and eliminate other harmful viruses that invade host cells.In 2021, Dr. Christopher Bellas and Prof. Ruben Sommaruga, researchers involved in the study, stumbled upon a new group of viruses in the Gossenköllesee water, sparking a research project.
According to the study, numerous protist EVEs are not only remnants in the genome but active viruses, forming an antivirus mechanism for the host.Eukaryotic genomes contain a variety of endogenous viral elements , which are mostly derived from RNA and ssDNA viruses that are no longer functional and are considered to be “genomic fossils.
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