Planets Might Protect their Water Until their Star Settles Down - by spacewriter
M-type red dwarfs are the most common stars in the Galaxy. That makes them good subjects to study the variables of planetary formation. They form just as other stars do. Once past infancy, they also tend to be outbursty and temperamental, just like other stars. However, they stay colicky much longer than other stars. That doesn’t bode well for the surfaces of any planets nearby. If it isn’t baked away, the water migrates underground.
Olivine is a mineral found in Earth’s crust and, under pressure, is transformed into the anhydrous minerals wadsleyite and ringwoodite. Such minerals can store water deep beneath the surface of a planet. Image Credit: Tom Trower The model could also explain how early Venus could have transitioned from being a barren hellscape to an aqua world. The question of Venus’s water is still hotly debated, of course. However, if it had liquid pools and oceans four billion years ago, how did they happen? “If that [happened] Venus must have found a way to cool itself and regain surface water after being born around a fiery Sun,” said Guimond’s research partner Oliver Shorttle.
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