Pandemic isolation linked to cognitive decline in UK's older population, study finds

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Pandemic isolation linked to cognitive decline in UK's older population, study finds
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The Lancet study on UK older adults finds COVID-19 pandemic's social restrictions contributed to a marked decline in cognitive functions like working memory and executive function, with sustained effects into the second year despite eased restrictions.

By Tarun Sai LomteNov 7 2023Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent study published in The Lancet Healthy Longevity, researchers assessed the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the cognition of older adults in the United Kingdom .

About the study The present study investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults’ cognition in the UK. The researchers used data from the PROTECT study initiated in 2015 that collected data throughout the pandemic. Specifically, data from the year before the pandemic and the first and second pandemic years were analyzed.

Data on the frequency of physical activity and alcohol consumption were obtained. Using cognition score as the outcome, timepoint as the explanatory variable, and sex and age as covariates, a linear mixed-effects model was constructed. In sensitivity analyses, people with cancer or Parkinson’s disease were excluded, and the change in cognition in the first pandemic year was compared with that in the second year.

Cognitive performance analysis revealed a significant worsening of working memory and executive function in the first pandemic year. The effect on working memory persisted in the second year. When people with a COVID-19 history or mild cognitive impairment were excluded, the differences in working memory and executive function were still significant between the pre-pandemic year and the first pandemic year. Participants showed a higher rate of cognitive changes during the pandemic than before.

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