Infection with a pre-Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant protects against reinfection with a second, although the effect fades almost completely after three years.
on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines suggest that protection against the virus SARS-CoV-2 decreases over time, waning considerably after six months. To learn about the course of naturally acquired immunity, the authors examined COVID-19 data gathered in Qatar between 28 February 2020 and 5 June 2022. “Our study is the first to have such a long time of follow-up,” says co-author Hiam Chemaitelly, an epidemiologist also at Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar.
Effectiveness peaked at 90.5% in the 7th month after the first infection and fell to about 70% at 16 months . By extrapolating this trend, the authors predict that effectiveness against reinfection will fall to less than 10% 32 months after the first infection. All the same, infection with any SARS-CoV-2 variant is highly effective at combating severe, critical or fatal COVID-19 after reinfection: effectiveness was around 100% up to the 14th month after primary infection and showed no signs of declining.The authors note that most of Qatar’s population is young, so the findings might not apply to populations with a higher average age. But when the team restricted its analysis to people more than 50 years old, the levels of protection were similar.
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