GLP-1 analog treatments potentially alter food preferences and reduce obesity by decreasing appetite and food consumption, with further research needed for long-term weight maintenance using objective measures.
By Priyanjana Pramanik, MSc.Mar 10 2024Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent review published in the International Journal of Obesity, researchers explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 analog treatments to change food preferences and consumption and reduce obesity.
Background Of the three primary interventions for obesity, namely surgical intervention, lifestyle changes, and medication, pharmacology has emerged as minimally invasive, promisingly effective at reducing weight, and more sustainable in the long term. Results were filtered to ensure that they pertained to studies with human and rodent participants and had been published within a timeframe of 25 years. Outcomes were restricted to taste preference, food consumption, weight loss, and maintenance. Information related to publication year, location, methods, results, and study type were noted.
Semaglutide appears to target circumventricular organs instead of breaching the blood-brain barrier, binding with GLP-1 receptors, and modifying food preferences by interacting with amphetamine- and cocaine-regulated transcripts and proopiomelanocortin neurons. Some gastrointestinal effects of semaglutide, such as diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and vomiting, have been reported, but beginning at lower medication doses has been found to address this issue.
Less attention has been paid to ingestive, appetitive, and consummatory behavior in the weight maintenance phase. Instead, most studies have focused on the weight loss phase, and many have asked participants to report on their own cravings, portion control, and appetite.
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