Passing within a scant 81 miles of the moon, NASA's unpiloted Orion capsule fired its main engine Monday in a gravity-assist lunar flyby that put the ship on course for a return to Earth Sunday to close out the Artemis 1 test flight.
for long-term exploration and technology development intended to pave the way toward eventual piloted flights to Mars.where ice deposits may be found in permanently shadowed craters, potentially providing a source of air, water and rocket fuel for future exploration.
The spacecraft carried out an initial lunar flyby on November 21, followed by another OMS engine firing four days later to put the craft into a"distant retrograde orbit" that carried Orion farther from Earth — 268,563 miles — than any previous human-rated spaceship. Another OMS engine firing last Thursday took Orion out of its lunar orbit, sending the craft back toward the moon for Monday's powered flyby. In all cases, the OMS engine, which first flew in space nearly four decades ago during a 1984 shuttle flight, performed exactly as expected.
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