Nanoscale tools are revolutionizing tumor physiology research, enhancing our understanding of cancer biology and treatment.
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Feb 21 2024Reviewed by Megan Craig, M.Sc. Studying tumor physiology entails a better understanding of the complex interactions between tumors and their surrounding microenvironments.1 A better comprehension of cancer biology is crucial for developing effective diagnostics and treatments for different types of cancer. This article focuses on how the application of nanoscale tools has revolutionized tumor physiology research.
Besides angiogenesis, tumor physiology also describes how the immune system responds to cancer cells.4 Many studies have highlighted that tumor cells escape immune surveillance by downregulating major histocompatibility complex expression. The main function of MHC is to help the immune system recognize foreign substances.5
Related StoriesDifferent types of NPs, such as organic, inorganic, and hybrid nanoparticles, are used to study cancer biology. Some notable nanoparticles used in cancer diagnostics and therapy are polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles , nanoemulsion, carbon NPs, quantum dots, metallic NPs, magnetic NPs, and silica NPs.
Magnetic nanoparticles are used in in vivo imaging with MRI, owing to their large surface area, good biocompatibility, strong magnetic responsiveness, high adsorption capacity, and easy manipulation by external magnetic fields. For tumor imaging, ultramicroscopic paramagnetic iron oxides and biomolecule-coated small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are used.
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