Multifunctional Fluorescent Nanodiamonds for HeLa Cell Drug Delivery: ACS_AMI nanomaterials drugdelivery HeLa HeLaCells Quantum QuantumSensing
By Bhavna KavetiAug 24 2022Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. Fluorescent nanodiamonds have unique optical and chemical properties and were individually applied as nanocarriers for drug delivery and free radical quantum sensors. An article published in the journal ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces presented multifunctional fluorescent nanodiamonds for drug delivery and real-time detection of free radicals.
Compared to the free drug with drug release in 12 hours, the fluorescent nanodiamonds functionalized with drug molecules exhibited sustained drug release for over 72 hours. In addition to drug release, these fluorescent nanodiamonds also measured the effects of the drug on free radical generation locally.
Although the core of fluorescent nanodiamonds is inert, its rich surface chemistry is leveraged to attach different drugs. The photostability of fluorescent nanodiamonds restrains their bleaching and can be observed via fluorescence emission, used in biodistribution studies. The presence of free radicals in cells can damage the proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, leading to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and bacterial or viral infection. Thus, tracking the free radicals is critical to monitoring the health status of cells. Utilizing fluorescent probes is a common approach to measuring free radicals. Here, the fluorescent probes react with free radicals and form fluorescent compounds.
Amination of diazoxide promoted its reactivity towards the carboxyl group on the fluorescent nanodiamond surface without altering its inherent functionality. Thus, the prepared fluorescent nanoreactor-diazoxide composite systems that entered the cell were located in real-time and monitored for the changes in concentration of free radicals inside cells.
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