Researchers review the role of microfluidic chip models in understanding neurodegenerative diseases, offering insights into the disease mechanisms and potential for drug development through innovative lab-on-a-chip technologies.
By Dr. Sanchari Sinha Dutta, Ph.D.Mar 14 2024 A review article published in the journal Nature Communications provides a detailed overview of recent developments in microfluidic chip models for neurodegenerative diseases.
Despite advancements in medical science, the development of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative diseases remains a challenging task because of the complex multifactorial pathogenesis that progresses gradually. The earliest microfluidic chip for the brain was designed by separating a neuronal soma from its neurites using microchannels. This design was used to study directional neurite growth. More advanced neural circuit models were developed later by incorporating multiple chambers for neuronal subpopulations.
Related StoriesPorous membranes with different pore sizes, numbers, and positions can be used on chips as an interface between chambers to enable indirect interactions mediated by soluble chemicals and direct physical contact. This design has been used for mimicking the blood-brain barrier on chips. A gradient chip with interstitial flow has been used to study the effect of amyloid-beta oligomers on neurons. Inflammatory cytokine-mediated migration of microglia towards Alzheimer’s disease neurons and astrocytes has been observed using a 3D static neuroinflammation-on-a-chip model.
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