In a new study, scientists how gullies on the slopes of Martian craters could have formed by on-and-off periods of meltwater from ice on and beneath the planet’s surface. A study led by Brown University researchers offers new insights into how water from melting ice could have played a recent rol
Image of the Terra Sirenum and its gullies captured by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment camera on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Credit: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona
A study led by Brown University researchers offers new insights into how water from melting ice could have played a recent role in the formation of ravine-like channels that cut down the sides of impact craters on, the study focuses on Martian gullies, which look eerily similar to gullies that form on Earth in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica and are caused by water erosion from melting glaciers.
The findings help fill in some of the missing gaps on how these gullies formed, including how high they start, how severe the erosion is, and how far they extend down the side of craters.Previous theories suggest Martian gullies were carved by carbon dioxide frost, which evaporates from soil, causing rock and rubble to slide down slopes.
They say that if ice was present at gully locations in the areas they looked at when Mars’ axis tilted to about 35 degrees, the conditions would have been right for the ice to melt because temperatures rose above 273 degrees Kelvin, equivalent to about 32 degrees“Our study shows that the global distribution of gullies is better explained by liquid water over the last million years,” said Jay Dickson, the study’s lead author and a former researcher at Brown who’s now at California Institute of...
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