The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded Canadian evolutionary biologist Dolph Schluter the prestigious Crafoord Prize for his work on the mechanics of evolution, which has changed our understanding of how the tree of life branches out.
Sign up for CNN’s Wonder Theory science newsletter. Explore the universe with news on fascinating discoveries, scientific advancements and more. On the Galapagos Islands, a ground finch that usually munched on small, soft seeds was forced, during a drought, to eat harder, larger ones. Within the space of a few generations, the bird evolved a larger but shorter beak better suited to cracking large seeds.
“I was especially interested in … how competitive interactions — competition for food — caused them to become much more different than they would otherwise have been,” Schluter said. “And this seems to be a common explanation for the diversity of forms.” This finding contradicted the received wisdom at the time that a new species would not arise if the existing population was still in contact and exchanging genes.
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