Study investigates how maternal metabolic conditions like pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, and obesity mediate the risk of neurodevelopmental conditions in children.
By Neha MathurNov 12 2023Reviewed by Sophia Coveney In a recent study published in BMC Medicine, researchers quantified the extent to which obstetric and neonatal factors mediated the relationship between three maternal metabolic conditions, pregestational diabetes mellitus , gestational diabetes , obesity, and neurodevelopmental conditions in children.
Prior studies have shown that children exposed to aberrant maternal metabolic conditions in utero are at an increased risk of developing NDCs wholly or partially due to shared genetic liabilities. However, other mechanisms are also likely to be at play. The team used the International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th versions for NDC identification in the Psychiatry Sweden cohort. Additionally, they measured maternal adiposity around weeks 9–10 of gestation. Nearly 75% of children had maternal body mass index data, and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 indicated maternal obesity.
They compared the differences in proportions and means, using a chi-squared test and analysis of variance, respectively, between children whose mothers were exposed to PGDM, GDM, or obesity versus those whose mothers were not. Results The study results suggested that the association of maternal PGDM with obstetric and neonatal complications, such as preeclampsia and eclampsia, preterm birth, and neonatal asphyxia, were more significant compared to maternal GDM and obesity.
Conclusions Management of neonatal complications, especially pregnancy hypertensive diseases, preterm birth, neonatal asphyxia, and hematological comorbidities, could potentially mitigate the risk of NDCs in children, especially in the context of PGDM.
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