Lower efficacy of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in patients with frailty TheLancet DeptVetAffairs SARSCoV2 COVID19 mRNA Vaccine Efficacy Frailty
By Tarun Sai LomteAug 3 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in The Lancet Healthy Longevity, researchers assessed the effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination against hospitalization and deaths among veterans based on frailty status in the United States .
Frailty is common in older individuals and often co-exists with multimorbidity/disability. COVID-19 is a significant stressor; studies reported worse clinical outcomes during COVID-19 in older people with frailty than those without. The veteran population in the US is older, predominantly male, with a higher prevalence of chronic multimorbidity, obesity, substance abuse, and frailty, which are risk factors for poor COVID-19 outcomes.
The VA-FI comprises 31 items or deficits, stratified into the following groups – 1) morbidity, 2) sensory loss, 3) function, 4) cognition and mood, and 5) others. VA-FI scores were categorized as robust, pre-frail, and frail. The primary outcomes of the investigation were hospitalizations and all-cause mortality within 30 days of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Of the 2577 deaths within 30 days of infection, most were among the non-vaccinated subjects. VE was 51% against hospitalization and 74% against all-cause mortality. Between the two vaccines, the effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against hospitalization was higher than that of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
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Religion, politics and COVID-19 risk perception among urban residents in Malawi - BMC Public HealthIntroduction Majority of Malawians have not yet adopted COVID-19 mitigation measures despite having knowledge about its infectivity, morbidity, and fatality. Understanding drivers of hesitancy to adoption of COVID-19 mitigation measures is critical as it can inform prevention programs. This study explores Malawians’ COVID-19 risk perception, and the associated constraints in the adoption of mitigation efforts. A Health Belief Model (HBM) approach was used to understand perceived factors that undermine public health COVID-19 messages to reduce the spread of the pandemic in Malawi. Methods The study applied rapid appraisal and photovoice qualitative inquiry to comprehend risk perception regarding COVID-19. We purposively selected 52 participants from three major cities in Malawi. Audio and video interviews were transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were coded manually to derive key themes and concepts. Results The study identified that social factors particularly religious and political beliefs influenced COVID-19 risk perception. Specific religious beliefs pertaining to individuals recognizing signs of the ‘Christian apocalypse’ were particularly associated with lower risk perceptions. Politically, participants believed COVID-19 lockdown measures were a ploy by the then-ruling party to remain in power. Conclusion The study suggests that religious beliefs and political environment undermine self -perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 among urban dwellers in Malawi. We recommend that diverse actors in Malawi should collaborate to promote the dissemination of accurate COVID-19 discourses and reduce the severity of the pandemic’s impact in Malawi.
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What is the efficacy of COVID-19 BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 booster vaccinations?What is the efficacy of COVID-19 BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 booster vaccinations? medrxivpreprint UniofOxford SARSCoV2 COVID19 Vaccination Vaccine Efficacy Booster
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