A new study indicates that between 1500 C.E. and 1900 C.E., Indigenous fire management practices managed to break the vicious cycle of wildfires in what is now the southwestern U.S., buffering the landscape from climate-related conflagrations.
In the southwestern United States, wildfires typically follow a grim, but predictable cycle. When unusually wet years are followed by hot, dry ones, fuel builds up—then burns. But a new look at thousands of fire-scarred tree trunks from the region, combined with archaeology and oral histories, indicates that between 1500 C.E. and 1900 C.E., Indigenous fire management practices managed to break that cycle, buffering the landscape from climate-related conflagrations.
The authors combined the fire data from these scars with other information that can be gleaned from tree rings, such as how wet or dry the years leading up to the blaze were. Working with Diné , Hemish , and Ndée archaeologists, ecologists, and fire experts, whose traditional lands were covered by the tree ring data, they then matched the fire and climate information with data on Indigenous land use over time.
“At local scales, this clearly shows people were able to blunt the impacts of fire,” says University of British Columbia, Vancouver, forest ecologist Lori Daniels, who was not involved in the study. “This is what Indigenous people have been telling us for a long time, but I don’t think Western science has always listened.”
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