People around the world are taking precautions to protect themselves from the coronavirus. But some people are at a much higher risk for serious complications…
“It also can involve many different aspects of our body’s defense system, such as a lack of white blood cells that phagocytose and kill microbes, or problems making adequate antibodies in response to exposure to foreign organisms,” she says.Chronic conditions that affect the immune system include heart disease, lung disease, lupus, and diabetes. Other conditions that can leave a person immunocompromised include cancer, HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, and some rare genetic disorders, says Dr. Li.
There are different levels of immunosuppression. “Some people may just be more susceptible to infections or have more severe or longer lasting infections,” says Dr. Ring. “On the other hand, some people are at ongoing high risk, in which case exposure to infection needs to be aggressively avoided, as these individuals are more susceptible to unusual pathogens and even common infections like pneumonia can become life-threatening.
Immunocompromised patients may also lack the ability to respond appropriately to vaccination. That may mean they don't develop immunity, and they mistakenly assume they are protected against an illness when they are not. “When the immune system isn’t working at full capacity, it doesn’t have the army of immune cells and mediators ready to mount a defense at the first sign of attack,” says Dr. Ring.
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