IceCube Makes a Neutrino Map of the Milky Way - by spacewriter
IceCube Collaboration focused on the central part of the Milky Way’s galactic plane. The facility is in Antarctica, almost directly under that part of the sky. The team faced some unusual challenges, however. There’s a constant “background buzz” of energetic particles produced by cosmic-ray interactions with Earth’s atmosphere. That made it difficult to sift out the sparse numbers of high-energy neutrinos from galactic sources.
This image shows a visual representation of one of the highest-energy neutrino detections superimposed on a view of the IceCube Lab at the South Pole. Credit: IceCube Collaboration To get at their high-energy prey, the IceCube team looked for so-called “cascade” events in a dataset of 60,000 detections from ten years’ worth of IceCube data. The additional detailed analysis helped them select what they called “higher purity” events. These represent astrophysical neutrinos from beyond Earth,Another part of the collaboration devised a machine-learning method to help characterize the cascades created by neutrinos.
“One implication is that our galaxy has not hosted the type of sources that produced the bulk of high-energy neutrinos for the past few million years,” said Fang, “which is roughly the time since the last jet activity of the black hole of our own galaxy. Planned and future follow-up analyses by IceCube will further our understanding of the particle accelerators of our own galaxy.”
The core of the Milky Way, with the supermassive black hole , is obscured from us by vast clouds of gas and dust. Ongoing studies reveal activity in the core, particularly when Sgr A ingests material. Stars in the region follow looping trajectories influenced by the black hole’s immense gravity. But, the black hole is not, at the moment, as active as those in active galactic nuclei. In those places, neutrinos are produced in abundance.
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