Scientists have taken a close look at which genes are switched on and off during regeneration and how they’re controlled.
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“We wanted to know…what is happening at the genome level that’s telling these cells to grow or stop growing, and how does that compare to normal development?” says Aide Macias-Muñoz, an evolutionary biologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who undertook the research while at the University of California, Irvine.
Scientists have also successfully grafted hydra heads onto the decapitated bodies of other hydra. And if a hydra is torn into small clumps of cells, those clumps that include head organizer cells will regrow a full body, Macias-Muñoz says. “Some areas of the chromatin are open in certain times of regeneration, and in other times they’re closed,” Macias-Muñoz says. “So it’s not only that genes are being turned on and off, it’s also that this changing of the open or closed chromatin is helping regulate the expression of these important genes for regeneration.”
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