🔬🌱 Have we found the chemical gateway to life? Learn more about 'urea' and how pioneered efforts in biochemistry reveal clues to how we all began. 🌍✨
Researchers from ETH Zurich and the University of Geneva have developed a new method that allows them to observe chemical reactions taking place in liquids at extremely high temporal resolution. This means they can examine how molecules change within just a few femtoseconds -- in other words, within a few quadrillionths of a second. The method is based on earlier work done by the same group of researchers led by Hans Jakob Wörner, Professor of Physical Chemistry at ETH Zurich.
According to current theories, the urea could have become enriched in warm puddles -- commonly called primordial soup -- on the then lifeless Earth. As the water in this soup evaporated, the concentration of urea increased. Through exposure to ionising radiation such as cosmic rays, it's possible that this concentrated urea produced malonic acid over multiple synthesis steps. In turn, this may have created the building blocks of RNA and DNA.
The researchers also managed to show that this transfer of a hydrogen atom happens extremely quickly, taking only around 150 femtoseconds, or 150 quadrillionths of a second."That's so fast that this reaction preempts all other reactions that might theoretically also take place," Wörner says."This explains why concentrated urea solutions produce urea radicals rather than hosting other reactions that would produce other molecules.
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