Researchers explores how oral contraceptive pill use interacts with the current hormonal status to affect the fear circuit structure within the brain.
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDNov 9 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A new report published in Frontiers of Endocrinology explores how oral contraceptive pill use interacts with the current hormonal status to affect the fear circuit structure within the brain.
Women are more vulnerable to these conditions; however, most studies on anxiety have primarily included male animals and men. In fact, as of 2012, less than 2% of papers on fear-related topics were based on the female brain. Combined OCPs are the most common type of prescribed OCPs. These comprise over 30 formulations that contain synthetic estrogen, known as ethinyl estradiol and progestin, with varying degrees of androgenicity.
What did the study show? The current study included healthy women between 23 and 25 years of age. All study participants were on or had previously used OCPs as their sole mode of contraception, with non-users as a control group and a fourth group comprised of men. Never OCP users had increased CT in the right AIC as compared to past users throughout the menstrual cycle. However, the associations between endogenous sex hormones and GMVs or CTs were less clear.
Conversely, the fear-inhibiting vmPFC exhibits a lower CT in current users, specifically those on low-dose EE, as compared to men. Never users and high-dose EE users had similar values.
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