When slavery ended, the disenfranchisement of African Americans did not — discrimination continued in jobs, housing and education. Economist William Darity Jr. offers a roadmap on how to implement reparations to close the racial wealth gap.
Black Lives Matter activists occupy the traffic circle underneath the statue of Confederate Gen. Robert Lee, last week, in Richmond, Va.Andrew Lichtenstein/Corbis via Getty Images
No, they couldn't. And one of the reasons they could not was because of the institution of a series of laws that we now refer to as the"." And the black codes created restrictions on the authority that individual black folks had over their family life. But it also created restrictions on their employment opportunities and their capacity to exercise agency over the types of jobs that they took.
... The starting point is the failure to provide the formerly enslaved with the 40-acre land grants that they were promised. At the same time, substantial allocations of land were being made to white Americans. KING: I think a lot of us learn in school that emancipation happened, enslaved people were freed, and then they were able to go and make money just like everyone else in the United States of America, to pull themselves up by their bootstraps. Your book does a fantastic job of detailing all of the ways in which that was untrue, the first being jobs. When enslaved people were emancipated, they couldn't just walk out into the world and demand payment for doing a job.
KING: And so when we look at these vast inequalities now between white wealth and black wealth, inequalities that extend to health outcomes, homeownership, education, the size of people's bank accounts, the neighborhoods that people live in, where do those gaps come from?
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