From Chaos To Cure: Deadly Virus Structures Point Toward New Antibodies and Vaccine Targets — By comparing the structure |
An illustration of antibodies seeking out the Lassa virus glycoprotein complex in the human bloodstream. New research on the structure of the GPC, which is coated in sugar molecules , helped researchers define its interactions with effective antibodies. Credit: Hailee Perrett, Scripps ResearchvirusEvery year, hundreds of thousands of people in West Africa become infected with Lassa virus, which can cause Lassa fever and lead to severe illness, long-term side effects or death.
Like many viruses, Lassa virus exists in a variety of lineages, each with slight variations in its genes. This diversity has made it challenging to pinpoint antibodies that recognize all versions of Lassa virus. Scientists have also struggled to isolate Lassa glycoproteins—the spike-like proteins that surround the virus and are the target of most antibodies. In the infectious virus, these glycoproteins exist in complexes of three, called trimers.
Using the same stable glycoproteins, Ward, Perrett and their colleagues next used blood samples from patients who had recovered from Lassa virus to isolate antibodies against the glycoprotein trimers. They found new antibodies and characterized previously discovered antibodies that recognize different lineages of the Lassa virus glycoprotein, which may be useful in developing a treatment or preventive vaccine against the virus.
“Our goals were to not only try and define some of the structural details of these different Lassa viruses, but to provide foundational protocols and resources for the field,” says Perrett. “We hope our approaches and initial findings help push the science in this field forward.”
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