The brown dwarf, which straddles the line between a star and a planet, orbits a star in the Hyades cluster.
At around 150 light-years from Earth, the Hyades is the closest star cluster to us. Its unique V-shaped structure is visible to the naked eye in the constellation ofAstronomers are keen to investigate the Hyades because it consists of young stars that were born at almost the same time, meaning it can assist in the investigation of the evolution of stars and their planets.
Planets form from the leftover gas and dust that don't get incorporated into the nascent star. These particles clump together, but they don't reach masses great enough to create the pressure and temperature needed to initiate fusion. Brown dwarfs are considered to be objects with between 15 to 75 times the mass of Jupiter, which is also insufficient to sustain the fusion of hydrogen. Because they share some characteristics with gas giants, brown dwarfs are useful for studying the evolution and atmospheres of huge planets.
Astronomers confirmed that brown dwarfs exist in 1995 and have since discovered thousands of these objects, but the frequency of companion-type brown dwarfs has remained low, just a few per 100 or so stars. This has led to astronomers searching for an effective way to discover these substellar bodies in binary systems.
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