U.S. troops numbers in Europe has shrunk greatly since the end of the Cold War — but tensions with Russia since 2014 have prompted U.S. leaders to beef up troop numbers. Here are some keys to understanding the U.S. military presence in Europe:
Pentagon spokesman John Kirby, seen in reflection, speaks during a briefing at the Pentagon in Washington on Feb. 2. President Joe Biden is sending about 2,000 troops from Fort Bragg, N.C., to Poland and Germany this week and sending part of an infantry Stryker squadron of roughly 1,000 troops based in Germany to Romania.
U.S. service members wait at the Pope Army Airfield before deploying to Europe at Fort Bragg, N.C. on Feb. 3. But once the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 and the Cold War came to an end, U.S. leaders no longer saw a need for such a large military presence, says Melanie Sisson, an analyst at the Brookings Institution who researches the use of U.S. military force abroad.
As a show of support to NATO, the U.S. began the Atlantic Resolve rotations in April 2014. Those rotations have continued to today. Most recently, an armored division based at Fort Carson in Colorado deployed in the last few weeks.The U.S. uses troop movements to send signals. In this case, the signals are meant both for its allies in Europe and directed at Russia and its president, Vladimir Putin.
Sisson has researched the use of military force as a coercive tool and says that troop movements, even those that are seemingly small, have historically increased the likelihood of U.S. policy success. There is another subcontext to the current troop movements, says Cancian: The Biden administration is trying to set itself apart from the Trump administration's disparagement of NATO.
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