Brain scans now show that even a mild case of COVID-19 can shrink part of the brain, causing physical changes equivalent to a decade of aging (Subscriber Exclusive)
that even a mild case of COVID-19 can shrink part of the brain, causing physical changes equivalent to a decade of aging.
“There is evidence of neurologic injury [after COVID-19] that is persistent,” says Ayush Batra, a neurologist at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. “We are seeing biological and biochemical evidence of it, we are seeing radiographic evidence of it, and most importantly, the patients are complaining of their symptoms. It is affecting their quality of life and day-to-day functioning.
The 785 participants, between 51 and 81 years old, who had already been scanned before the start of the pandemic, were scanned on average three years apart as part of the U.K. Biobank project. Tests or medical records showed that 401 of these volunteers had become infected with SARS-CoV-2. Most had mild infections; only 15 of the 401 were hospitalized., patients had lost, on average, between 0.2 and 2 percent of brain volume and had thinner gray matter than healthy people.
The infected participants’ performance on cognitive tests also declined more rapidly than before illness. They took 8 and 12 percent longer on the twothat measured attention, visual screening ability, and processing speed. The patients were not significantly slower on memory recall, reaction time, or reasoning tests.
“We could in turn relate this greater mental ability decline to their greater loss of gray matter in a specific part of the brain,” says Gwenaëlle Douaud, a neuroscientist at the University of Oxford who led the U.K. study.that COVID-19 patients score significantly lower in tests of attention, memory, and executive function compared to healthy people.
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