The severity of cases and demographics of those affected is changing, too. Researchers are trying to learn why.
, a pediatric psychiatrist who specializes in eating disorders at the University of Virginia, says the pandemic disrupted our lives in significant ways; as a result, what might have started as a bid to eat healthier quickly became rigid and disordered, especially when vulnerable teens and young adults spent so much time isolated.
“We lost a lot of positive structure in our days like school, friendships and hobbies, and at the same time increased our social media use dramatically,” says Stephens. “Looking at all these images of idolized bodies can have a negative impact on our own body image.”Stephens also contends that while the majority of the research shows teenage girls are the most likely to have eating disorders, she’s also seen increases in other groups who tend to be underrepresented in the research.
“Eating disorders were first seen as only affecting very thin, white women and girls, and that’s been hugely problematic because we know that people struggle with eating disorders among all shapes, races, genders, sexual orientations, and economic groups,” says Stephens. Eating disorders are not about what group you fall into or the shape you are, they’re about your relationship with food and your body acceptance, she says. The criteria for categorizing eating disorders have changed to be more inclusive. For example, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders used to include a lack of menstrual period as one of the signs of anorexia nervosa and we know that because men don’t get periods they’re automatically left out of this group.
Sexual minorities are another group that’s largely unrepresented in the data. It’s hard to know by how much because research has hardly reflected them as a group at all. Still, a 2017 review published in
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