Does COVID-19 cause adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes? Pregnancy Coronavirus Disease COVID Neonatal GlobalHealthBMJ
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDJan 18 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. A recent study reports on the adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the mother and baby during pregnancy.
The current study, published in BMJ Global Health, aimed to produce more definitive conclusions. The researchers undertook a collaborative effort using high-quality individual participant data from 12 studies that are currently underway. These were conducted in a dozen countries and involved over 13,000 pregnant women.
In this study, newborns were twice as likely to be admitted to a neonatal care unit if they were born to SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers. In addition, the risk of preterm or moderately preterm birth went up 1.7-fold and 2.9-fold, respectively, following a history of SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. These results may strengthen the case for vaccinating pregnant women with effective and safe COVID-19 vaccines, but even more, indicate the need to strengthen healthcare systems globally to provide preventive and therapeutic care for COVID-19 in pregnancy.
Other more recent studies indicated increased chances of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, as well as for Cesarean section and adverse neonatal outcomes. Nevertheless, these conclusions remain controversial due to the heterogeneous study design, faulty selection of subjects and controls, and methodological flaws. Moreover, these were often not generalizable because they contained little data from low-income countries.
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